What is Plasma and Why is it being Described as Important at the moment?

On social media, many such posts are seen where people are asking for plasma help for their loved ones. Doctors are also appealing for plasma donation.
Image Credit: The Economic Times
Image Credit: The Economic Times

In this era of the Corona crisis, there is a shortage of oxygen and beds as well as plasma. On social media, many such posts are seen where people are asking for plasma help for their loved ones. Doctors are also appealing for plasma donation. However, some also have fears and questions about plasma donation.

What is Plasma?

When a person recovers after being infected with Covid, then anti-antibodies of Covid are formed in his body which gives him immunity for a short time. It is the antibodies of the Covid that are in the plasma, it is called Kovid plasma. These antibodies are capable of eradicating the virus, so if this plasma is given to another covid patient, it becomes life-giving for it.

Who can be given plasma, what are the criteria for the recipient?

Plasma is given to the patient who is infected with the corona, and RT PCR reports are positive. The virus is an antigen that damages the body from inside. 95% of the patients get cured by Covid on their own but in some cases, the virus remains active.

Then we need plasma containing antibodies. These antibodies fight off the antigen (covid virus) and eliminate it and prevent the virus from moving forward. Apart from this, only those in which corona infection is in mild-moderate or moderate-severe stage need plasma. Plasma is not given in the recovery stage.

Image Crwedit: Detroit News
Image Crwedit: Detroit News

Can plasma therapy also help serious corona patients?

It is an off-level therapy ie Experimental therapy. Can not say 100 percent, but many corona-serious patients who were given plasma therapy have recovered from them and saved their lives.

Who can donate plasma and who does not?

Plasma can donate only between 18 and 60 years old and weighs more than 50 kg. He does not have any serious diseases like thyroid, epilepsy, asthma, etc. If you are a patient of blood pressure, then BP should be under control. And that person has not changed any medicine for 3 months.

If a diabetic patient is receiving treatment through medication, then his glycosylated hemoglobin report for that day will show a sugar level. Plasma may be given if the report is correct. Plasma donation cannot be given if diabetic patients take insulin. Women who have ever become mothers cannot provide plasma. The biggest criterion for plasma donation is that the donor has recovered from the corona. In addition, plasma can be donated from the day of corona infection to 28 days and within four months.

How often can a donor be donated plasma and in what quantity?

Plasma donation is a method of plasma fermentation in which a machine circulates 1500 liters of blood. This is a one-and-a-half-hour process. Blood escapes with one hand go to the machine from which plasma containing antibodies is removed and the rest of the blood goes back into his body. Plasma is extracted around 200 to 400 ml. This is a completely safe method, there is no possibility of any kind of infection.

What are the things to be kept in mind before donating plasma?

Do not go on an empty stomach, eat something. Take your RTPCR report with you. Tell all the things with the truth where the antibodies will be tested in blood. All the tests will be done, when you are fully fit and there are antibodies present in the plasma, then only your plasma will be taken. Do not go to a private lab and get your antibodies checked because there are different types of antibodies in the blood which can only be checked in the blood bank as it has to be removed from the plasma and given to a patient. Therefore, it is the legal responsibility of the blood bank to check the quality of plasma and this test is completely free.

What is the process for plasma donation? How long does it take?

It is different from blood donation. Blood donation is done in four to five minutes, but bring time for this. The process is done in one and a half hours, before that screening is also done. Whenever you go, definitely take a time of one and a half hours.

What precautions should be taken after plasma donation? In how many days it is replenished?

You get refreshments after plasma donation, so stay there for 15-20 minutes. Go home and drink water. Stay on a liquid diet for 3-4 hours. Do not smoke at all. If you donate plasma today, you can donate plasma again after 14 days. The plasma is replenished in 14 days.

Image Credit: Times of India
Image Credit: Times of India

Is there a risk of covid becoming infected during plasma donation?

Only healthy people come to the blood bank, not people suffering from the disease, so there is no risk of infection. All Covid guidelines are followed here. Some people are not even coming forward with the fear that donating plasma will destroy their body antibodies.

This is a big confusion because after three to four months the automatic antibodies are gone. Apart from this, 95 percent of the people who are recovering from Covid, only 50 percent people get antibodies. Therefore, a lot of people need to come.

Can plasma be donated during periods or after vaccinations?

Plasma can also be donated during periods, provided your hemoglobin is more than 12.5 grams per cent and it is also tested in the blood bank.

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